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I was at the National Book Festival yesterday in Washington DC where several authors including Rick Riordan, John Grisham, Jodi Picoult and the like did book signings and talked to their fans. The event by itself was sort of poorly managed because the management probably did not expect a crowd on such a big scale (the Smithsonian metro station was closed in the afternoon due to too much crowd!).

But all that apart, people who went with the intention of meeting their favourite authors had a successful day, and that was perhaps the only worthy reason to go to the festival because the book festival did not have any book stalls (other than a jam packed Borders tent selling only very specific books).

Anyway, so I wen’t to catch a glimpse of  Rick Riordan since I am an insane Percy Jackson fan.I got to the pavilion atleast 15 minutes in advance while the previous author was still speaking. After some pushing and jostling I finally edged into the tent and escaped the rain outside. There was hardly any place to stand but I positioned myself so that I could operate my camera.

His talk was quite funny in general and he gave his eager fans a glimpse of what is in store for them in the upcoming months:

1. There will a second Camp Half Blood series of books (yes you heard it right!) coming up soon. I forget if he mentioned when it will be out, but he mentioned that there will be more of Percy and Annabeth to come although Percy will not be the main character in the new series and there will be a new generation of demigods. The new series will probably be based on the next big prophecy that we encountered in “the last olympian”.

2. May next year is going to be about Riordan’s next novel that is based on Egyptian mythology. Now that is something that sounds really exciting. Riordan even read the first few lines from this upcoming book that he says is currently with his editor now!

3. Finally he talked about the Lightning Thief movie that is set to release in February next year. He mentioned that the role of Chiron will be played by Pierce Brosnan and that of Medusa will be played by Uma Thurman. Now that is some interesting cast.

Since I am travelling currently, I will upload pictures soon.

This is a short post from the Greater Rochester International Airport as I wait for my flight. No other service at an airport makes me happier than free internet. The first time I saw this was when my flight to Memphis was delayed by a couple of hours and I was stuck waiting at Charlotte Douglas Int’l airport. I saw an unusually high number of people using their laptops and somehow got the feeling that there might be internet connectivity. I booted up my machine and to my pleasant surprise, I was right. I was able to establish a secure connection to my school network and get some work done while I waited. For internet savvy people like us, there isn’t really much you can do if you are stuck waiting at an airport, and a free connection just saves your day.

But I was wondering what is it that allows an airport to host a free wifi connection. Large and prestigious airports like the O’Hare Int’l airport at Chicago do not have a free wifi connection. What is it that prevents them from doing so? What is the business model followed at the lesser known airports that lets them provide this service to travellers?

So, I vented my anger by writing a blog-post about the latest terror attacks. Apparently the NSG has flushed out the scum from the Taj hotel. Things are going back to normal. I have not watched the news since the evening of the ill fated day (EST). One of the questions I asked a couple of questions in that post was:

“What can we as citizens of a civilized society do to protect our interests? The cause of these terror attacks are varied in various places, but it is innocent people walking on the street who bear the brunt (and the people who go out to fight for us)”

And I have been thinking about this on and off. I have asked this question to several people. I am just plain baffled by the lack of responses or ideas. Varish said that it is time for the political system of the country to start acting tough. Really? Is this the time for the gov to start acting? The government should have acted way too long ago. Anyway, that is not even the point.

We all have conceded at some point that the government of ours is not doing much other than condemning the attacks and making vain platitudes. The dirty politicians will even turn this to their advantage so that they can gain political mileage for the upcoming general elections.

All right! Enough trash talk. We know that the government is not doing what it is supposed to. So I ask the question again. What do WE do? We are the educated elite of the country. We cast those votes. We elect those representatives. Is there something we can do to help? I feel we are totally lost on that question.

I suggested doing a signature campaign amongst the student and young professional networks in and out of India. We could send those signatures with a message to our respected Prime Minister. My good friend asked me whats the point behind a signature campaign? I said, “we need to make sure that the government understands that the educated elite of the country, both in India and abroad needs to see some real action now, and not just empty promises.”

Then he asked me a question to which I did not really have an answer: “Doesn’t the government already know that it has to battle terrorism?” . Just that any Indian government does not have the guts to take the right steps which are against their own self serving motives. And even we the people are to blame. Everytime there is an attack on teh city, we say that Mumbai is unbreakable. We are the most resilient city in the world. Hell we don’t want to be resilient! Why is it that all these pains and agonies are forgotten a couple of days after the bloodstains have been washed? The sacrifices of the security forces and the pains of the people disappear into oblivion and we settle down into our old routine. This continues till the time there is another attack. Oh yes, don’t be fooled into thinking that they are done.

So I was set into thinking what would the damn signature campaign achieve? It would probably serve the purpose to make it clear to the government that we are pissed off. But doesn’t the gov already know that? Like Jayu said “they cannot be that detached from public sentiment”. So how do we make them do it? In an ideal democracy (oh and we are very proud of the fact that we are a democracy) the people are able to hold the gov accountable for their actions and inactions. Why can’t we do that in India?

“Electoral power is supposed to be the form of public control over its govt in a democracy. Here it gets sold for free sarees and rice during election time. The educated middle class has a very small say in the overall process.”

So this is my sincere message to everyone reading this post. This general election, PLEASE GO AND VOTE. Cast a responsible vote. Our only goal should be to cast aside all our feelings of mutual distrust and communal agendas and questions of religion and reservation, and elect a government that would actually ensure that our people don’t get slaughtered on their own street.

The only other weapons that we have are the RTI and the PIL. But only the legislature has the right to ammend the constitution. The courts can only direct the legislature to do something. So let us wield the only real weapon we have. The right to vote. Let the current government understand that they have to prove a point to us, and that we are watching. And let them consider this a threat: we will not vote for you if we do not see results.

Note to all the readers: If you have any ideas, post a comment.

As I write this, my city burns. Terror attacks in several locations in Mumbai….it is all over the news. I don’t think the country has witnessed such carnage in a long time. Yes, I say long time because India has sort of gotten used to the idea of terror attacks now. Mumbai itself has been the target of several such attacks. Barely a couple of months go by when you hear about another one of these bomb blasts on TV. Few things make me feel more helpless than a terror attack. And as I write this, I am sitting several thousands of miles away from my city.

But there was something very different about what happened today/yesterday (depending on which part of the world you live in). All this while the terrorists were hidden; they planted bombs clandestinely and ran away. This time, they had the guts to walk into my city, fire at people, lob grenades, hold people hostage and gut some of the main spots in the city. What is noticeable is that these terrorists have targetted places that are frequented by westerners. Colaba is an area that has a good density of foreign tourists and the Taj hotel (where one of the bloody gunbattles are being fought) plays hosts to several foreign tourists and business delegates. This is not just an attack on India. This is an attack on all the good people of the world who want peace.

There were reports of these terrorists dragging people out of the hotel and asking for their passports to look for people from the US, UK and the like. I don’t know if this is confirmed news (it was definitely aired on one of the news channels broadcasting the events, so I took it at face value).

A few questions strike me:

1. Why is it that we are not able to prevent such blatant attacks on our home? Is our intelligence system so bad that we had no clue?

2. What do these terrorists want? Perhaps we could make a deal with them if we are too scared to go out and settle scores (atleast that seems to be the case to me a lot of times, and a lot of people will agree)

3. What can we as citizens of a civilized society do to protect our interests? The cause of these terror attacks are varied in various places, but it is innocent people walking on the street who bear the brunt (and the people who go out to fight for us)

The situation in India is unique, as compared to other countries that face the threat of terrorism. We have several internal problems and have a very troubled history, marred by communal conflicts. The scars of such conflicts are magnified by terrorist masterminds who turn troubled youth into blood-thirsty monsters. In the very early days of terrorism, terrorists used to be foreigners (I will not name the country, but we all know who I am talking about). As time progressed, terrorists started to come from interiors of the country. These are dissatisfied youth, who have been affected by communal clashes, who are brainwashed by the big terrorist organizations, trained by them and sent back into our country to cause misery to innocent people.

The solution has to be two pronged:

1. Deal with the external elements who propagate the terrorist ideas and fund such endeavors. This can only be done when like minded countries cooperate with each other to end global terrorism. This is because all global terrorism is interlinked and is funded and propagated by the same set of big organizations.

2. Deal with the internal elements. Bust the sleeper cells. Throw out the hidden extremists. Enforce the rule of law so that the gullible youth is not misguided by these scumbags.

All this has to be implemented around a framework that is designed to prevent such future occurences. A working intelligence system (do we really have one?), a proper disaster management system, adequate security measures at hot spots. I know people say that it is difficult to police a country of billions. But this is the price we pay if we don’t. After the serial train blasts, we installed faulty metal detectors at some stations (the ones on the entrance of CST station barely worked), and assign 2 police constables at each major station. Did that work? We never thought that the outside of the station could be vulnerable too. Perhaps we thought that these terrorists are gonna keep planting train bombs. Do we even have trained people who are capable enough to design solutions to handle these problems? All this infrastructure has to be put into place.

The last thing I want to see is these stupid political parties trying to gain mileage out of this mess by pointing fingers at each other.  I will be very very pissed off if a party calls a Mumbai bandh or a Maharastra bandh (or any such extension) to gain public attention. Such measures gain nothing and simply cause more distress to the already troubled people. I want to see some action. I need these terrorists killed. I don’t want empty promises. Are you listening? Oh and if there is something I could do……..let me know. Right now I am limited to watching the news, writing pissed off emails and angry blog posts.

Ok. I am back after a long hiatus. Today marks the completion of 3 weeks since I landed in the USA. I have come here to pursue a Masters’ Degree in Computer Science. I could not think of anything to write about because most of my recent posts have been about books I have read. The last book I read was “Pillars of the Earth” by Ken Follet, and unfortunately I did not get enough time to complete it before my flight to the US. And for some reason, I did not even carry the book with me (maybe it was the size of the book). So, its been 3 weeks since I read anything creative and hence no posts. Life in the US is not very different from what it was back home. I still feel like I am here on an extended nightout at a friend’s house.

The past 3 weeks were spent in setting up my new house, shopping, eating, sleeping, shopping, opening bank accounts, roaming around campus, shopping, waiting for my new laptop to get delivered, and other miscellaneous things not worth writing about. This makes me feel that I have done absolutely nothing productive in the past 3 weeks. Oh yes, I have this big obsession about productivity and using my time effectively (but I end up wasting most of my time anyway and then fret about it in posts like these).

One noticeable difference between life in Bombay and life here in the US is that I do not have to use public transport as extensively as I had to while in India. My university runs a shuttle service which takes me to most nearby places, and not just to and fro. That having said, it is quite difficult to go even relative far off places without a car. Bombay suburban transport system rocks. Yes, I said Bombay and not Mumbai. You would be surprised….people here do not know Mumbai, and I like calling it by the old name. It got a classy zing to it.

As it is apparent, I am suffering from a writer’s block. Suggest me of something to write about.

It was the usual friday evening. I left early from work and met my friends at Mocha, Powai. After a typical friday evening lazy chatter over some coffee, we decided to go eat at KFC. We ordered a fried chicken bucket, french fries, and pepsi (and a zinger for my friend with an especially good appetite). Dinner with friends on a friday evening is something I really enjoy. Good food, good stories……keeps me happy.

When we were deep into our fried chicken, an attendant walked over to our table and asked “Is that your bag sir?”. We turned and saw that he was pointing at a bagpack placed on a chair adjacent to our table. It was a good looking bag, one big enough to stuff a laptop into it…the kind we usually carry to work or college. We replied that the bag did not belong to any of us. The attendant nodded and walked away…..probably to ask some other people.

Typical of a bunch of guys spending a lazy evening, we started making jokes about the bag holding explosives, left there by someone with ill intentions. We started debating why someone would like to blow up a joint like KFC with such a low population. Someone said that a bag of that size can hold enough explosives to blow up more than just KFC. After a while the security guy also walked up to the bag and stared at it for a while. We looked at each other and muttered that we should get out of the place now. We were joking earlier, but now it was over 10-15 mins and the owner of the bag was still not found. I ate hurriedly and rushed into the washroom to wash my hands and take a leak (hey, I know there was a bomb ticking in there, but like I said I had to take a leak). I was planning on how I would move when I get out of the washroom, take up bag and rush out. I cursed myself because I did not ask my friends to take my bag and move out.

When I walked out into the dining area again, I saw two guys walking out of the door: one of them was carrying a big bagback. I walked closer to our table and saw that the bag that was sitting so conspicuously was now gone. I went over to my friends and asked them whether the owner of the bag was found. They smiled and replied in the affirmative. I was relieved, but now disappointed that I had to rush through my last piece of chicken without being able to savor it properly.

Many of my friends got ICICI accounts; mostly because it is the into which our monthly salary is credited. All of my friends then move their money into their respective primary accounts with other banks. One of them uses UTI, another uses SBI, while a third one uses HSBC. I always wondered why. I always kept my money in the same account cos I thought that its easier having centralized control over your money…..having a S/B account, a credit card account, and a demat account integrated….having access to your money from so many ATMs, 24 hour telephone access and so many branches.

When I studied elementary distributed systems, I read that it is not a good idea to have a single point of failure. Unfortunately for me, and also for ICICI, we both learned it the hard way. All this while, when I kept a large part of all my money with a single bank, I did not pay much attention to the theory I studied in college earlier.

Today I ordered for a Demand Draft from ICICI (over phone banking) which was for a pretty big amount. I need it urgently as my brother needs to pay his university fees tomorrow. I was told by the phone banking officer that the DD will be ready in 1 hour and that I may collect it from any branch I wish. I decide that I will pick it up from the Mulund (W) branch.

When I reach the branch, I am told that ICICI bank systems are down and that they cannot access any information and hence cannot process my DD. Apparently none of the people at ICICI’s operations and computer systems department knew anything about distributed systems and fault tolerance. They thought that having their back end servers at one location would be fine, and that their customers will be fine if a fire breaks out and if all their servers go down. The customer relationship officers at the bank are noncommittal: I wait for over two hours; but no avail. Oh and since even I have a single point of failure i.e. all my money in a single bank, I cannot withdraw money so that I could get the DD done from another bank.

But luckily for me, I dont claim to have thousands of satisfied customers, and that I can correct my situation of a single point of failure by moving bulk of my transactions to other banks. The service and policies of ICICI also motivate me to do that. A bank loses its credibility the moment it does not allow its customers to access their own money. That happened today. It was certainly because of a technical problem, but they should have done their homework better. It is going to cost them a lot more, maybe even a few customers like me.

My travails dont end here. I finally am able to withdraw the maximum amount of money allowed by their ATMs (some of them are working incidentally), but this amount is far lesser than the total amount of the DD. I still need to withdraw the rest of the money tomorrow. All this in the hope that I can give the money to my brother and that he can get the DD done from some other bank tomorrow. I was told at the bank that I will be able to cancel the DD using phone banking as that is the medium I used to place the order. Wonder of wonders…..when I call up, the phone banking officer tells me that the transaction is now in the scope of the branch now, and that I cannot cancel over telephone. I will actually have to walk into the same branch again and beg them to cancel the DD now as it is of no use to me any more, and plead with them to not charge me any cancellation fee. Sometimes just getting a particular service is not everything; it is important that you get it on time.

Well, all this made me recall my the fault tolerance chapter from distributed systems. I am certainly going to apply it in real life by moving my transactions to some other banks that really work when you need them to.

I just discovered this feature in blogger where you could post in Hindi. The good thing is that it works on phoenetics, which makes it easier to transliterate words into Hindi from English. Just type words like they would sound in hindi, and the software attempts to convert it into the hindi word. Its not perfect yet, but a pretty good attempt I would say. And whats more? It remembers the corrections you make; so you dont need to do them again and again.

अब सोचने कि बात यह है के कितने लोग हिंदी में पोस्ट करना पसंद करते हैं

Yup, I see the spelling mistake above. Shows that its not perfect yet. Still some kinks to iron out, but it feels good to be able to post in my national language.

“God is a computer engineer”. I have had this phrase as my yahoo status message for a very long time now. Its a funny thought, but somehow, it made some sense to me.

One of the greatest things that we computer engineers have been trying to achieve in all our hardware and software systems is intelligence. Defined formally, it is the ability of a system to act rationally: doing the “right thing”, given what it knows. The Turing test, proposed by Alan Turing, was designed to provide a satisfactory operational definition of intelligence. The system proposed by Turing, needed to possess the following capabilities to be termed as truly intelligent:

• Natural Language Processing: to enable it to communicate successfully
• Knowledge Representation: to store what it knows
• Reasoning: to use the stored information to draw conclusions
• Machine learning: to adapt to new circumstances, and learn new patterns

Only once we think about these disciplines from the perspective of AI, do we truly understand how difficult it is to achieve them in one of our computer systems. AI has been inspired by the way humans act and behave. The Turing test was designed to simulate a system which was largely human-like. This is hardly surprising, as humans have been the paragons when it comes to AI.

We humans dont think that these functionalities listed above are much of a big deal, because we are so used to them, because of the fact that these properties have been embedded in humans with such an amazing degree of perfection, that it seems completely natural. Only once you think from the perspective of a computer engineer trying to implement intelligence in a system, would you truly understand the complexity involved.

I cannot help but feel amazed at the complex systems that are humans. And I find it meaningful to think that it is not a mere co-incidence that humans are intelligent creatures. This is where my thought comes in where I say that “God is a computer engineer”.

I am not trying to propagate the “theory of intelligent design”. Neither am I trying to argue with atheists. It was just a thought that came to me once, that human beings are probably the perfect example of what we want to achieve with AI one day. After studying a little bit about intelligent systems, I realise how difficult it is to create even moderately intelligent systems; and whatever little success we have had, none of that was by mere co-incidence. None of these systms just sprang up magically out of the air. These systems were the result of years of study, experiment, trial and error, sweat, tears and blood.

Having said that, its a little funny to believe that we, the perfectly intelligent human beings turned out to be intelligent by co-incidence.

I believed that human beings are the result of a similar effort, being created out of primitive creatures, eventually evolving into the current state of intelligence. Today human beings are intelligent enough, not only to exhibit features such as natural language processing, logical reasoning and decision making, learning, and much more; but also make intelligent systems of their own.

I believed that God created man (yes, I can hear the Darwinists scream, but again I say, I am not trying to propagate or debunk a theory here). Like a pioneering computer engineer, God created such intelligent creatures (read humans) that are able to create intelligent creatures of their own.

All these days I have been listening about AJAX. I knew that it had to do something with web based user interfaces. I also knew that it stood for “Asynchronous JavaScript and XML”, and…..well, that is pretty much it. I knew that I have to get my hands wet and try this new thing out. But I have to wait for my 8th semester exams to get over before I can actually do that.

So I thought let me find out a little about it.

Before I can actually talk about AJAX, I will have to digress and give an overview of web based user interfaces, becase they are what I think AJAX is really about.

Web Based User Interface

Soon after I worked on my BE project “Network Management Tool”, I totally fell in love with web based interfaces. The ubiquity of the common web browser, and the ability to update and maintain web applications without distributing and installing software on potentially thousands of client computers have really made web applications and web based UI’s popular.

Add to that, the fact that arguably the best company in the computing business is showing a very keen interest in this, everybody is going ga-ga over web based UI’s. And there are pretty good reasons for moving software on to the server and provide a neat user interface using your favourite web browser (apart from the reason I mentioned). It is not just about being able to access your application from any operating system or platform, it is about doing away with things like installing software on your machine to be able to use it. All the dirty stuff is left behind at the server, while the user need only think about the application.

Let me give you an example. Launch your favourite web browser, type www.gmail.com . Enter username password and login. Congratulations, you just installed google’s email client on your machine. You see what just happened? This seemingly trivial thing lets us check our email from any machine on the planet that is connected to the Internet.

Web mail seems to be such a trivial thing to us today that we dont normally think about the real genius of an idea behind the whole application: perfect portability. Move around anywhere, use any computer, any operating system, and you can still use the web application. You dont even need to be using your PC for that matter. Anything that can access the web using an XHTML compatible browser is good enough.

Extend the concept a bit, and you got things like Google Calendar and Microsoft’s Hotmail Live where you can manage your entire schedules online. The possibilities are limited by our own imagination.

Okay, at this point I can digress and talk about how this seems to be a threat to rich text clients and why Microsoft is not happy about that, because it threatens Microsoft’s core strength: The Rich Client.

Let me do that some other time where we can talk about the business use and the market aspects of this application design paradigm.

Anyway, this does not signal the end of the rich client so soon. Desktop applications have a richness and responsiveness that web based applications have not been able to deliver. Web based applications are simply not fast enough.

Reason? In the classic web application model, the user enters some data. After performing error checks, that data is sent to the web server in an HTTP request. After the server performs the back end processing, like running some algorithms , fetching data from a database, generating outputs, the results are sent back to the client in an HTML page.

Quick question : while the server does all this, what does the client do? Yes, you got it right: the client waits. From what we have read in Roger Pressman’s book on software engineering, this isnt quite the best way of developing a user interface. Something needs to be done about the delay, so that the user doesnt have to wait everytime the client needs to fetch something from the server.

Enter AJAX

So what does AJAX do to help the situation for our web based interfaces?

TO BE CONTINUED…..